The impact of Transformational Leadership on employee performance during Covid-19: A literature review
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Dec 13, 2023
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Abstract
The performance of employees is crucial for the success in achieving the organization's targets. When employee performance is good, the organization's performance will also be good, and conversely, if employee performance is poor, the organization's performance will decline. Many factors can influence employee performance, one of which is the leadership style of the employee's leaders, which in this study is about transformational leadership. The role of transformational leadership includes providing inspiration and motivation for employees to develop themselves, ultimately leading to their best efforts. The purpose of this study was to review systematically the existing research on transformational leadership and its relation to performance. This study is a literature review that attempts to examine research related to the relationship between transformational leadership and employee performance. This study traced researches related to transformational leadership from 2013 to 2023. The findings obtained are that transformational leadership, through its four dimensions, can influence performance. This study will offer opportunities for further empirical research, related to other leadership style that can affect employee performance.
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How to Cite
Novita, E. I., & Meilani, Y. C. F. P. (2023). The impact of Transformational Leadership on employee performance during Covid-19: A literature review. Enrichment : Journal of Management, 13(5), 3001-3008. https://doi.org/10.35335/enrichment.v13i5.1733
References
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Calen, & Ronny Edward, Y. (2019). Analysis of the Effects of Transformational Leadership, Organizational Culture and Work Loyalty on Employee Performance at PT. Hotel Citi Inn Medan. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM), 21(11), 77–84. https://doi.org/10.9790/487X-2111027784
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Fitriati, R., & Marsanty, D. A. (2023). Transformational Leadership in Times of Crisis: Study of Handling COVID-19 in Bumi Raja-Raja. Jurnal Bina Praja, 15(2), 289–308. https://doi.org/10.21787/jbp.15.2023.289-308
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Komariyah, L. (2022). Contribution of Transformational Leadership and Years of Leader Experience on the Effectiveness of Organization Efficacy. Journal of Social Studies Education Research , 13(4), 308–335. www.jsser.org
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Mathende, T., & Karim, A. M. (2022). Transformational Leadership Role on Work Performance under the COVID 19 Pandemic in Zimbabwe. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v12-i1/12053
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Moradi Korejan, M., & Shahbazi, H. (2016). An analysis of the transformational leadership theory. Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 8(3), 452. https://doi.org/10.4314/jfas.v8i3s.192
Purwanto, S. K., & Nurhasanah, N. (2022). The Effects of Leadership to Employee Performance During Covid-19 Pandemic. ASIA AND THE CAUCASUS English Edition, 23(1), 3781–3793. https://doi.org/10.37178/ca-c.23.1.278
Riyanto, S. (2021). THE INFLUENCE OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND THE WORK ENVIRONMENT ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: MEDIATING ROLE OF DISCIPLINE. Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal, 27(6).
Robbins S, Judge T, & Campbell T. (2017). Organizational Behaviour: Vol. 2nd Edition. www.pearson.com/uk
Santoso, N. R., Dewi, E. A. S. K., Arviani, H., & Achmad, Z. A. (2021). Public Relations Professionals’ Communication Strategies in Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic Based on Gender. Plaridel, 18(1), 295–315. https://doi.org/10.52518/2021.18.1-08saderac
Santoso, N. R., Sulistyaningtyas, I. D., & Pratama, B. P. (2022). Transformational Leadership During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Strengthening Employee Engagement Through Internal Communication. Journal of Communication Inquiry. https://doi.org/10.1177/01968599221095182
Sulasmi, E., Agussani, & Tanjung, H. (2020). BRIDGING THE WAY TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY PERFORMANCE THROUGH SAFETY, EMPOWERMENT AND LEARNING: USING SUSTAINABLE LEADERSHIP AS DRIVING FORCE. Journal of Security and Sustainability Issues, 10(10), 93–107.
Sumadi, & Nur Fitria, T. (2019). THE INFLUENCE OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP ON THE LECTURERS’ PERFORMANCE IN INSTITUTE TECHNOLOGY BUSINESS AAS INDONESIA. International Journal of Sharia, Business and Accounting Research (IJEBAR) Peer Reviewed-International Journal, 3(4), 444–454. https://jurnal.stie-aas.ac.id/index.php/IJEBAR
Supomo, B., & Indriantoro, N. (2016). Metodologi Penelitian Bisnis : Untuk Akuntansi Dan Manajemen. BPFE Yogyakarta.
Susilawati, Y., Suhaimi, & Noorhapizah. (2021). Relationship of Transformational Leadership, Interpersonal Communication with Teacher Performance through Teacher Discipline. J Adv Educ Philos, 5(11), 357–363. https://doi.org/10.36348/jaep.2021.v05i11.004
Widharto, Hamidah, Santoso, B., & Fitriati, R. (2022). Exploration of Transformational Leadership in Handling COVID-19. Italienisch, 12(1), 348–355.
Abdullah, & Holida, N. (2023). TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP IN INCREASING EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE PRODUCTIVITY. 01(01), 2023.
Affandie, M. B., & Sopiah. (2022). TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP: A LITERATURE REVIEW. JEMBA: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 1(3), 345–360. http://bajangjournal.com/index.php/JEMBA
Alharafsheh, M., Alghizzawi, M., Ezmigna, I., Ezmigna, A. A. R., Darwish, M. Al, & Alawneh, E. (2023). The Relationship Between Transformational Leadership and Public Sector Employees Job Satisfaction During COVID-19. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(6), e01535. https://doi.org/10.26668/businessreview/2023.v8i6.1535
Arijanto, A. (2019). How the Impact of Work Discipline, Work Environment and Transformational Leadership on Employee Performance: A Study at Japanese Automotive Dealer. European Journal of Business and Management, 11(36), 9–21. https://doi.org/10.7176/ejbm/11-36-02
Calen, & Ronny Edward, Y. (2019). Analysis of the Effects of Transformational Leadership, Organizational Culture and Work Loyalty on Employee Performance at PT. Hotel Citi Inn Medan. IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM), 21(11), 77–84. https://doi.org/10.9790/487X-2111027784
Emita, C., Pradipto, Y. D., Suprayogi, M. N., & Agung, Y. R. (2021). The impacts of charismatic leadership and transformational leadership on job performance of health workers during the covid-19 pandemic with commitment as mediator and generosity as moderator. ICOBAR.
Fitriati, R., & Marsanty, D. A. (2023). Transformational Leadership in Times of Crisis: Study of Handling COVID-19 in Bumi Raja-Raja. Jurnal Bina Praja, 15(2), 289–308. https://doi.org/10.21787/jbp.15.2023.289-308
Hutabarat, R., Tukiran, M., Pratiwi, I., & Subur, J. (2023). Transformational Leadership And Radical Innovation In Industry: A Literature Review. International Journal of Science, Technology & Management, 702–705. http://ijstm.inarah.co.id702
Indragiri, D. (2022). Enrichment: Journal of Management Systematic Literature Review: Empowerment Leadership on Performance. In Enrichment: Journal of Management (Vol. 12, Issue 4).
Komariyah, L. (2022). Contribution of Transformational Leadership and Years of Leader Experience on the Effectiveness of Organization Efficacy. Journal of Social Studies Education Research , 13(4), 308–335. www.jsser.org
Lau, F. (2017). Handbook of eHealth Evaluation: An Evidence-based Approach (C. Kuziemsky, Ed.). Victoria (BC): University of Victoria.
Liansah, M., & Noviandy Aulia, I. (2022). Impact of Transformational Leadership and Organizational Culture on The Performance of PT Indosaluyu Primajaya: Job Satisfaction as A Mediation Variable. DIJMS, 4(2), 246–254. https://doi.org/10.31933/dijms.v4i2
Magdhalena, E., Tanuwijaya, J., & Wahyu Gunawan, A. (2023). Analisis Pengaruh Job Satisfaction dan Transformational Leadership Terhadap Employee Performance Melalui Organizational Commitment. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis Dan Keuangan, 4(2), 264–274. https://doi.org/10.51805/jmbk.v4i2.151
Masruroh, R., Suhardi, D., Budiman, A., Permana, R., & Syarif, M. (2021, September 6). How to Maintain Employee Performance in The New Normal Era ? UNISET 2021. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.2-12-2021.2320336
Mathende, T., & Karim, A. M. (2022). Transformational Leadership Role on Work Performance under the COVID 19 Pandemic in Zimbabwe. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v12-i1/12053
Meiryani, Nelviana, Koh, Y., Soepriyanto, G., Aljuaid, M., & Hasan, F. (2022). The Effect of Transformational Leadership and Remote Working on Employee Performance During COVID-19 Pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.919631
Moradi Korejan, M., & Shahbazi, H. (2016). An analysis of the transformational leadership theory. Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, 8(3), 452. https://doi.org/10.4314/jfas.v8i3s.192
Purwanto, S. K., & Nurhasanah, N. (2022). The Effects of Leadership to Employee Performance During Covid-19 Pandemic. ASIA AND THE CAUCASUS English Edition, 23(1), 3781–3793. https://doi.org/10.37178/ca-c.23.1.278
Riyanto, S. (2021). THE INFLUENCE OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AND THE WORK ENVIRONMENT ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: MEDIATING ROLE OF DISCIPLINE. Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal, 27(6).
Robbins S, Judge T, & Campbell T. (2017). Organizational Behaviour: Vol. 2nd Edition. www.pearson.com/uk
Santoso, N. R., Dewi, E. A. S. K., Arviani, H., & Achmad, Z. A. (2021). Public Relations Professionals’ Communication Strategies in Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic Based on Gender. Plaridel, 18(1), 295–315. https://doi.org/10.52518/2021.18.1-08saderac
Santoso, N. R., Sulistyaningtyas, I. D., & Pratama, B. P. (2022). Transformational Leadership During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Strengthening Employee Engagement Through Internal Communication. Journal of Communication Inquiry. https://doi.org/10.1177/01968599221095182
Sulasmi, E., Agussani, & Tanjung, H. (2020). BRIDGING THE WAY TOWARDS SUSTAINABILITY PERFORMANCE THROUGH SAFETY, EMPOWERMENT AND LEARNING: USING SUSTAINABLE LEADERSHIP AS DRIVING FORCE. Journal of Security and Sustainability Issues, 10(10), 93–107.
Sumadi, & Nur Fitria, T. (2019). THE INFLUENCE OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP ON THE LECTURERS’ PERFORMANCE IN INSTITUTE TECHNOLOGY BUSINESS AAS INDONESIA. International Journal of Sharia, Business and Accounting Research (IJEBAR) Peer Reviewed-International Journal, 3(4), 444–454. https://jurnal.stie-aas.ac.id/index.php/IJEBAR
Supomo, B., & Indriantoro, N. (2016). Metodologi Penelitian Bisnis : Untuk Akuntansi Dan Manajemen. BPFE Yogyakarta.
Susilawati, Y., Suhaimi, & Noorhapizah. (2021). Relationship of Transformational Leadership, Interpersonal Communication with Teacher Performance through Teacher Discipline. J Adv Educ Philos, 5(11), 357–363. https://doi.org/10.36348/jaep.2021.v05i11.004
Widharto, Hamidah, Santoso, B., & Fitriati, R. (2022). Exploration of Transformational Leadership in Handling COVID-19. Italienisch, 12(1), 348–355.