The resilience strategies of tourism SMEs in Bengkulu's coastal ecotourism zone Resilience Strategies of Tourism SMEs Section Economy
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Jan 7, 2026
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Abstract
Tourism SMEs in Bengkulu's coastal ecotourism areas frequently face environmental and economic disruptions that challenge their business sustainability. This study explores how these SMEs build and maintain organizational resilience amidst uncertainty. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with selected SMEs from the culinary, souvenir, homestay, local fashion, and transportation sectors. Thematic analysis revealed that resilience among tourism SMEs is shaped through three interrelated dimensions: cognitive, behavioral, and contextual resilience. Cognitive resilience emerges from local awareness, anticipation, and collective understanding that enable SMEs to recognize and respond to environmental changes. Behavioral resilience is demonstrated in adaptive practices, flexibility, and innovation that transform limited resources into creative responses. Contextual resilience is rooted in social networks, partnerships, and informal cooperation that strengthen collective adaptive capacity despite limited institutional support. These findings highlight that resilience in coastal tourism SMEs is not a static trait but a cyclical process of learning, adaptation, and collaboration. This study contributes to the understanding of resilience in the tourism context of developing countries and offers insights for strengthening the sustainability of coastal based SMEs through locally embedded adaptive strategies.
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How to Cite
Ahmad Hasibuan, R. P., Khairani, M., & Ahmad Hasibuan, N. F. (2026). The resilience strategies of tourism SMEs in Bengkulu’s coastal ecotourism zone: Resilience Strategies of Tourism SMEs. Enrichment : Journal of Management, 15(6), 664-6674. https://doi.org/10.35335/enrichment.v15i6.2440
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Núñez-Ríos, J., Sánchez-García, J., Soto-Pérez, M., Benítez, E., & Rojas, O. (2021). Components to foster organizational resilience in tourism SMEs. Bus. Process. Manag. J., 28, 208–235. https://doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-12-2020-0580
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Prayag, G., Muskat, B., & Dassanayake, C. (2023). Leading for Resilience: Fostering Employee and Organizational Resilience in Tourism Firms. Journal of Travel Research, 63, 659–680. https://doi.org/10.1177/00472875231164984
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Souvenir SME owner. (2025). Interview on Resilience Strategies of Tourism SMEs in Bengkulu’s Coastal Ecotourism Zone.
Suriyankietkaew, S., Krittayaruangroj, K., & Iamsawan, N. (2022). Sustainable Leadership Practices and Competencies of SMEs for Sustainability and Resilience: A Community-Based Social Enterprise Study. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14105762
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Transportation SME owner. (2025). Interview on Resilience Strategies of Tourism SMEs in Bengkulu’s Coastal Ecotourism Zone.
Ye, X. (2023). Impacts of Climate Change on Tourism in Coastal Areas. Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences. https://doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/62/20231359
Zeng, L., Li, R., & Huang, X. (2021). Sustainable Mountain-Based Health and Wellness Tourist Destinations: The Interrelationships between Tourists’ Satisfaction, Behavioral Intentions, and Competitiveness. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313314
Ahmad, S., & Alsuhaibany, Y. (2025). Small Feet, Big Prints: The Contribution of Family‐Owned Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Business Ethics, the Environment & Responsibility. https://doi.org/10.1111/beer.12790
Aprilia, N., Subroto, W., & Sakti, N. (2025). The Role of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Supporting the People’s Economy in Indonesia. International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation. https://doi.org/10.51244/ijrsi.2024.11120036
Ardilafiza, Warman, K., Illahi, B. K., & Tegnan, H. (2021). Ancient Sites, History and Local Wisdom: Tourism Boosting Reforms to Improve the Economy and Living Standard in the Province of Bengkulu, Indonesia. Ancient Asia. https://doi.org/10.5334/aa.235
Atzori, R., Fyall, A., & Miller, G. (2018). Tourist responses to climate change: Potential impacts and adaptation in Florida’s coastal destinations. Tourism Management. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2018.05.005
Audina, M., Yunus, R., Parinding, K., & Nasruddin, A. (2024). The Role of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in Improving Community Welfare. Golden Ratio of Data in Summary. https://doi.org/10.52970/grdis.v4i1.516
Badoc-Gonzales, B., Mandigma, M., & Tan, J. (2022). SME resilience as a catalyst for tourism destinations: a literature review. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 12, 23–44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40497-022-00309-1
Baker, J. (2012). The Technology–Organization–Environment Framework. 231–245. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6108-2_12
Baloch, Q. B., Shah, S., Iqbal, N., Sheeraz, M., AsadUllah, M., Mahar, S., & Khan, A. (2022). Impact of tourism development upon environmental sustainability: a suggested framework for sustainable ecotourism. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 30, 5917–5930. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-22496-w
Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2018). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design Choosing among Five Approaches (4th Edition). SAGE Publications.
Culinary SME owner. (2025). Interview on Resilience Strategies of Tourism SMEs in Bengkulu’s Coastal Ecotourism Zone.
Darmi, T., & Aryanti, M. (2022). Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pengelolaan Sampah pada Kawasan Wisata Pantai. JOPPAS: Journal of Public Policy and Administration Silampari. https://doi.org/10.31539/joppas.v3i2.5183
Enríquez, A., & Bestard, A. B. (2020). Measuring the economic impact of climate-induced environmental changes on sun-and-beach tourism. Climatic Change, 160, 203–217. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-020-02682-w
Grieshaber, S. (2020). Equity and research design. In Doing early childhood research (pp. 177–191). Routledge.
Hasibuan, R. P. A., Harahap, A. R., & Ar Rahmah, R. (2025). Pengembangan UMKM Berbasis Budaya Sebagai Pondasi Ekonomi (1st ed.). PT Penerbit Qriset Indonesia.
Hoa, Budhwar, P., Shipton, H., Nguyen, H., & Nguyen, B. (2021). Building organizational resilience, innovation through resource-based management initiatives, organizational learning and environmental dynamism. Journal of Business Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.11.090
Homestay SME owner. (2025). Interview on Resilience Strategies of Tourism SMEs in Bengkulu’s Coastal Ecotourism Zone.
Julika, V. I., Salsabilla, L. P., & Sumarni, Y. (2024). Analisis Pengembangan Usaha Mikro Kecil Dan Menengah (UMKM) Di Kawasan Wisata Pantai Panjang Bengkulu. MESTAKA: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat. https://doi.org/10.58184/mestaka.v3i6.522
Kabil, M., Priatmoko, S., Magda, R., & Dávid, L. (2021). Blue Economy and Coastal Tourism: A Comprehensive Visualization Bibliometric Analysis. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13073650
Lengnick-Hall, C., Beck, T., & Lengnick-Hall, M. (2011). Developing a capacity for organizational resilience through strategic human resource management. Human Resource Management Review, 21, 243–255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2010.07.001
Local Fashion SME. (2025). The Digital Inclusion and Empowerment of Halal Tourism MSMEs In Bengkulu City.
Machnik, A. (2021). Ecotourism as a Core of Sustainability in Tourism. 223–240. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59820-4_15
Mun’im, A. (2022). Measuring The Economic Contribution of Tourism: An Improvement in Indonesia. Proceedings of The International Conference on Data Science and Official Statistics. https://doi.org/10.34123/icdsos.v2021i1.187
Núñez-Ríos, J., Sánchez-García, J., Soto-Pérez, M., Benítez, E., & Rojas, O. (2021). Components to foster organizational resilience in tourism SMEs. Bus. Process. Manag. J., 28, 208–235. https://doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-12-2020-0580
Osiako, P. O., & Szente, V. (2024). Behavioral Intention in Domestic Heritage Tourism—An Extension of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16020521
Prayag, G., Muskat, B., & Dassanayake, C. (2023). Leading for Resilience: Fostering Employee and Organizational Resilience in Tourism Firms. Journal of Travel Research, 63, 659–680. https://doi.org/10.1177/00472875231164984
Seervi, P. (2023). Ecotourism and Sustainable Development. International Journal For Multidisciplinary Research. https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2023.v05i05.7049
Souvenir SME owner. (2025). Interview on Resilience Strategies of Tourism SMEs in Bengkulu’s Coastal Ecotourism Zone.
Suriyankietkaew, S., Krittayaruangroj, K., & Iamsawan, N. (2022). Sustainable Leadership Practices and Competencies of SMEs for Sustainability and Resilience: A Community-Based Social Enterprise Study. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14105762
Thomas, B. (2022). Ecotourism: A Sustainable Development Connect to Nature and A Strategy for Balancing Economic Growth, Socio-Cultural Development and Conservation. APJAET - Journal Ay Asia Pacific Journal of Advanced Education and Technology. https://doi.org/10.54476/apjaetv1i1mar20229903
Transportation SME owner. (2025). Interview on Resilience Strategies of Tourism SMEs in Bengkulu’s Coastal Ecotourism Zone.
Ye, X. (2023). Impacts of Climate Change on Tourism in Coastal Areas. Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences. https://doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/62/20231359
Zeng, L., Li, R., & Huang, X. (2021). Sustainable Mountain-Based Health and Wellness Tourist Destinations: The Interrelationships between Tourists’ Satisfaction, Behavioral Intentions, and Competitiveness. Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132313314