Understanding Forest Tourism Business Marketing in the Perspective of Governance and Nature Protection
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Dec 5, 2022
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Abstract
This study was conducted to answer the problem of marketing the forest business from a nature protection perspective following the government's commitment. Various efforts were made to promote tourism but maintain environmental balance, especially forest tourism—protection of nature and marketing of businesses and forests in various regions. Our search was done electronically, and we discussed efforts to find understanding under the phenomenological approach, where we want to answer a well-known problem from all the available data. After the discussion that was then, we could be concluded, among other things, that the marketing of eco-based tourism business is a commitment of all countries where on the one hand, the country wants to earn income to advance the country, on the other hand, it must also consider the protection of nature following the weakness of the command where forest It must be profitable as well as sustainable for the next generation. Thus, these findings should get meaningful input.
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How to Cite
Novie Wurarah, R., Jacob, J., Suslinawati, S., Untung Utama, N., & Purbaningsih, Y. (2022). Understanding Forest Tourism Business Marketing in the Perspective of Governance and Nature Protection. Enrichment : Journal of Management, 12(5), 3737-3747. https://doi.org/10.35335/enrichment.v12i5.878
References
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Camilleri, M. A. (2016). Responsible tourism that creates shared value among stakeholders. Tourism Planning & Development, 13(2), 219–235. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2015.1074100
Camisón, C., & Monfort-Mir, V. M. (2012). Measuring innovation in tourism from the Schumpeterian and the dynamic-capabilities perspectives. Tourism Management, 33(4), 776–789. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2011.08.012
Chaffey, D., & Ellis-Chadwick, F. (2019). Digital Marketing: Strategy, Implementation & Practice. Pearson UK.
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Crawford, C. M., & Di Benedetto, C. A. (2011). New products management. McGraw-Hill New York.
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Darroux, C., & Xixiang, S. (2013). Factors impacting international marketing: Configuring Strategies and incorporating Co-opetition. INNOVATION AND MANAGEMENT, 1036, 785.
Duarte, P., Costa e Silva, S., & Ferreira, M. B. (2018). How convenient is it? Delivering online shopping convenience to enhance customer satisfaction and encourage e-WOM. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 44, 161–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2018.06.007
Fetscherin, M. (2010). The determinants and measurement of a country brand: The country brand strength index. International Marketing Review, 27(4), 466–479. https://doi.org/10.1108/02651331011058617
Font, X., & McCabe, S. (2017). Sustainability and marketing in tourism: Its contexts, paradoxes, approaches, challenges and potential. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 25(7), 869–883. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2017.1301721
Furqan, A., Som, A. P. M., & Hussin, R. (2010). Promoting Green Tourism for Future Sustainability. Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, 5(8 (17)), 64–74.
Geng, Y., Fu, J., Sarkis, J., & Xue, B. (2012). Towards a national circular economy indicator system in China: An evaluation and critical analysis. Journal of Cleaner Production, 23(1), 216–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2011.07.005
Halisçelik, E., & Soytas, M. A. (2019). Sustainable development from millennium 2015 to Sustainable Development Goals 2030. Sustainable Development, 27(4), 545–572. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.1921
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Kayumovich, K. O. (2019). The capability of internet in sphere of tourism and services. Polish Science Journal, 160.
Kazdin, A. E. (2021). Research Design in Clinical Psychology. Cambridge University Press.
Kimpel, M., & Friedrich, C. (2015). The right pricing strategy for offline retailers when expanding into the online sales channel. Journal of Business and Retail Management Research, 9(2).
Kirilenko, A. P., Stepchenkova, S. O., Kim, H., & Li, X. (Robert). (2018). Automated Sentiment Analysis in Tourism: Comparison of Approaches. Journal of Travel Research, 57(8), 1012–1025. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287517729757
Labanauskaitė, D., Fiore, M., & Stašys, R. (2020). Use of E-marketing tools as communication management in the tourism industry. Tourism Management Perspectives, 34, 100652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100652
Lee, J.-S., Hsu, L.-T. (Jane), Han, H., & Kim, Y. (2010). Understanding how consumers view green hotels: How a hotel’s green image can influence behavioural intentions. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(7), 901–914. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669581003777747
Longo, F., Nicoletti, L., & Padovano, A. (2019). Ubiquitous knowledge empowers the Smart Factory: The impacts of a Service-oriented Digital Twin on enterprises’ performance. Annual Reviews in Control, 47, 221–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcontrol.2019.01.001
Mauri, A. G., Sainaghi, R., & Viglia, G. (2019). The use of differential pricing in tourism and hospitality. In Strategic perspectives in destination marketing (pp. 113–142). IGI Global.
Meng, B., & Han, H. (2016). Effect of environmental perceptions on bicycle travelers’ decision-making process: Developing an extended model of goal-directed behavior. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 21(11), 1184–1197. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2015.1129979
Nash, K. L., Blythe, J. L., Cvitanovic, C., Fulton, E. A., Halpern, B. S., Milner-Gulland, E. J., Addison, P. F. E., Pecl, G. T., Watson, R. A., & Blanchard, J. L. (2020). To Achieve a Sustainable Blue Future, Progress Assessments Must Include Interdependencies between the Sustainable Development Goals. One Earth, 2(2), 161–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2020.01.008
Nogueira, S. (2020). THE IMPORTANCE OF A GREEN MARKETING STRATEGY IN BRAND COMMUNICATION - M. COUTINHO MULTI-BRAND CAR DEALER CASE IN NORTHERN PORTUGAL. Economics Business and Organization Research, 351–373.
Parker, G. G., Alstyne, M. W. V., & Choudary, S. P. (2016). Platform Revolution: How Networked Markets Are Transforming the Economy and How to Make Them Work for You. W. W. Norton & Company.
Patten, M. L. (2017). Understanding Research Methods: An Overview of the Essentials (10th ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315213033
Pereira, E. M., & Mykletun, R. J. (2012). Guides as Contributors to Sustainable Tourism? A Case Study from the Amazon. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 12(1), 74–94. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2012.663558
Pine, B. J., & Gilmore, J. H. (2011). The Experience Economy. Harvard Business Press.
Pomering, A., Noble, G., & Johnson, L. W. (2011). Conceptualising a contemporary marketing mix for sustainable tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 19(8), 953–969. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2011.584625
Prayag, G., & Ryan, C. (2011). The relationship between the ‘push’ and ‘pull’ factors of a tourist destination: The role of nationality – an analytical qualitative research approach. Current Issues in Tourism, 14(2), 121–143. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683501003623802
Prince, S., & Ioannides, D. (2017). Contextualizing the complexities of managing alternative tourism at the community-level: A case study of a nordic eco-village. Tourism Management, 60, 348–356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2016.12.015
Pugra, I. W., Oka, I. M. D., & Suparta, I. K. (2021). Kolaborasi Pentahelix Untuk Pengembangan Desa Timpag Menuju Desa Wisata Berbasis Green tourism. Bhakti Persada Jurnal Aplikasi IPTEKS, 7(2), 111–120. https://doi.org/10.31940/bp.v7i2.111-120
Pütter, M. (2017). The impact of social media on consumer buying intention. Marketing, 3(1), 7–13.
Reimer, J. K. (Kila), & Walter, P. (2013). How do you know it when you see it? Community-based ecotourism in the Cardamom Mountains of southwestern Cambodia. Tourism Management, 34, 122–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.04.002
Ren, L., Li, J., Li, C., & Dang, P. (2021). Can ecotourism contribute to ecosystem? Evidence from local residents’ ecological behaviors. Science of The Total Environment, 757, 143814. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143814
Rogers, P. J., & Goodrick, D. (2010). Qualitative data analysis. Handbook of Practical Program Evaluation, 429–453.
Roxas, F. M. Y., Rivera, J. P. R., & Gutierrez, E. L. M. (2020). Mapping stakeholders’ roles in governing sustainable tourism destinations. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 45, 387–398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.09.005
Sarker, M. A. H., Aimin, W., & Begum, S. (2012). Investigating the impact of marketing mix elements on tourists ‘satisfaction: An empirical study on east lake. European Journal of Business and Management, 4(7), 273–282.
Schrage, M. (2014). The Innovator’s Hypothesis: How Cheap Experiments Are Worth More Than Good Ideas. MIT Press.
Tuomisto, H. l., Hodge, I. d., Riordan, P., & Macdonald, D. w. (2012). Comparing global warming potential, energy use and land use of organic, conventional and integrated winter wheat production. Annals of Applied Biology, 161(2), 116–126. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2012.00555.x
Vaughan, D., & Agardy, T. (2020). Chapter 2—Marine protected areas and marine spatial planning – allocation of resource use and environmental protection. In J. Humphreys & R. W. E. Clark (Eds.), Marine Protected Areas (pp. 13–35). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102698-4.00002-2
Warassih, E., & Fatimah, P. R. (2018). Empowering Local Wisdom in Regional Mining Policies: Study in Pati Regency, Central Java. Environmental Policy and Law, 48(5), 317–322.
Williams, H. A., Williams Jr, R. L., & Omar, M. (2014). Gastro-tourism as destination branding in emerging markets. International Journal of Leisure and Tourism Marketing, 4(1), 1–18.
Wittmayer, J. M., & Loorbach, D. (2016). Governing Transitions in Cities: Fostering Alternative Ideas, Practices, and Social Relations Through Transition Management. In D. Loorbach, J. M. Wittmayer, H. Shiroyama, J. Fujino, & S. Mizuguchi (Eds.), Governance of Urban Sustainability Transitions: European and Asian Experiences (pp. 13–32). Springer Japan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55426-4_2
Yachin, J. M., & Ioannides, D. (2020). “Making do” in rural tourism: The resourcing behaviour of tourism micro-firms. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 28(7), 1003–1021. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1715993
Yadegaridehkordi, E., Nilashi, M., Nizam Bin Md Nasir, M. H., Momtazi, S., Samad, S., Supriyanto, E., & Ghabban, F. (2021). Customers segmentation in eco-friendly hotels using multi-criteria and machine learning techniques. Technology in Society, 65, 101528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2021.101528
Yiamjanya, S., & Wongleedee, K. (2014). International tourists’ travel motivation by push-pull factors and the decision making for selecting Thailand as destination choice. International Journal of Social, Education, Economics and Management Engineering, 8(5), 1326–1331.
Agag, G., Brown, A., Hassanein, A., & Shaalan, A. (2020). Decoding travellers’ willingness to pay more for green travel products: Closing the intention–behaviour gap. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 28(10), 1551–1575. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1745215
Bingener, J., Richards, M. L., Schwesinger, W. H., Strodel, W. E., & Sirinek, K. R. (2003). Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Elderly Patients: Gold Standard for Golden Years? Archives of Surgery, 138(5), 531–536. https://doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.138.5.531
Brenner, L., Engelbauer, M., & Job, H. (2018). Mitigating tourism-driven impacts on mangroves in Cancún and the Riviera Maya, Mexico: An evaluation of conservation policy strategies and environmental planning instruments. Journal of Coastal Conservation, 22(4), 755–767. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-018-0606-0
Camilleri, M. A. (2016). Responsible tourism that creates shared value among stakeholders. Tourism Planning & Development, 13(2), 219–235. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2015.1074100
Camisón, C., & Monfort-Mir, V. M. (2012). Measuring innovation in tourism from the Schumpeterian and the dynamic-capabilities perspectives. Tourism Management, 33(4), 776–789. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2011.08.012
Chaffey, D., & Ellis-Chadwick, F. (2019). Digital Marketing: Strategy, Implementation & Practice. Pearson UK.
Chan, J. H., Iankova, K., Zhang, Y., McDonald, T., & Qi, X. (2018). The role of self-gentrification in sustainable tourism: Indigenous entrepreneurship at Honghe Hani Rice Terraces World Heritage Site, China. In Sustainable Tourism and Indigenous Peoples. Routledge.
Crawford, C. M., & Di Benedetto, C. A. (2011). New products management. McGraw-Hill New York.
Crooks, V. A., Kingsbury, P., Snyder, J., & Johnston, R. (2010). What is known about the patient’s experience of medical tourism? A scoping review. BMC Health Services Research, 10(1), 266. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-10-266
Darroux, C., & Xixiang, S. (2013). Factors impacting international marketing: Configuring Strategies and incorporating Co-opetition. INNOVATION AND MANAGEMENT, 1036, 785.
Duarte, P., Costa e Silva, S., & Ferreira, M. B. (2018). How convenient is it? Delivering online shopping convenience to enhance customer satisfaction and encourage e-WOM. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 44, 161–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2018.06.007
Fetscherin, M. (2010). The determinants and measurement of a country brand: The country brand strength index. International Marketing Review, 27(4), 466–479. https://doi.org/10.1108/02651331011058617
Font, X., & McCabe, S. (2017). Sustainability and marketing in tourism: Its contexts, paradoxes, approaches, challenges and potential. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 25(7), 869–883. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2017.1301721
Furqan, A., Som, A. P. M., & Hussin, R. (2010). Promoting Green Tourism for Future Sustainability. Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, 5(8 (17)), 64–74.
Geng, Y., Fu, J., Sarkis, J., & Xue, B. (2012). Towards a national circular economy indicator system in China: An evaluation and critical analysis. Journal of Cleaner Production, 23(1), 216–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2011.07.005
Halisçelik, E., & Soytas, M. A. (2019). Sustainable development from millennium 2015 to Sustainable Development Goals 2030. Sustainable Development, 27(4), 545–572. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.1921
Han, J. H., Kim, J. S., Lee, C.-K., & Kim, N. (2019). Role of place attachment dimensions in tourists’ decision-making process in Cittáslow. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 11, 108–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdmm.2018.12.008
Jamal, T., & Dredge, D. (2014). Tourism and community development issues. R. Sharpley and D. Telfer, Tourism and Development. Concepts and Issues, Second Edition. London: Channel View, 178–204.
Kayumovich, K. O. (2019). The capability of internet in sphere of tourism and services. Polish Science Journal, 160.
Kazdin, A. E. (2021). Research Design in Clinical Psychology. Cambridge University Press.
Kimpel, M., & Friedrich, C. (2015). The right pricing strategy for offline retailers when expanding into the online sales channel. Journal of Business and Retail Management Research, 9(2).
Kirilenko, A. P., Stepchenkova, S. O., Kim, H., & Li, X. (Robert). (2018). Automated Sentiment Analysis in Tourism: Comparison of Approaches. Journal of Travel Research, 57(8), 1012–1025. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287517729757
Labanauskaitė, D., Fiore, M., & Stašys, R. (2020). Use of E-marketing tools as communication management in the tourism industry. Tourism Management Perspectives, 34, 100652. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100652
Lee, J.-S., Hsu, L.-T. (Jane), Han, H., & Kim, Y. (2010). Understanding how consumers view green hotels: How a hotel’s green image can influence behavioural intentions. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(7), 901–914. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669581003777747
Longo, F., Nicoletti, L., & Padovano, A. (2019). Ubiquitous knowledge empowers the Smart Factory: The impacts of a Service-oriented Digital Twin on enterprises’ performance. Annual Reviews in Control, 47, 221–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcontrol.2019.01.001
Mauri, A. G., Sainaghi, R., & Viglia, G. (2019). The use of differential pricing in tourism and hospitality. In Strategic perspectives in destination marketing (pp. 113–142). IGI Global.
Meng, B., & Han, H. (2016). Effect of environmental perceptions on bicycle travelers’ decision-making process: Developing an extended model of goal-directed behavior. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 21(11), 1184–1197. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2015.1129979
Nash, K. L., Blythe, J. L., Cvitanovic, C., Fulton, E. A., Halpern, B. S., Milner-Gulland, E. J., Addison, P. F. E., Pecl, G. T., Watson, R. A., & Blanchard, J. L. (2020). To Achieve a Sustainable Blue Future, Progress Assessments Must Include Interdependencies between the Sustainable Development Goals. One Earth, 2(2), 161–173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2020.01.008
Nogueira, S. (2020). THE IMPORTANCE OF A GREEN MARKETING STRATEGY IN BRAND COMMUNICATION - M. COUTINHO MULTI-BRAND CAR DEALER CASE IN NORTHERN PORTUGAL. Economics Business and Organization Research, 351–373.
Parker, G. G., Alstyne, M. W. V., & Choudary, S. P. (2016). Platform Revolution: How Networked Markets Are Transforming the Economy and How to Make Them Work for You. W. W. Norton & Company.
Patten, M. L. (2017). Understanding Research Methods: An Overview of the Essentials (10th ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315213033
Pereira, E. M., & Mykletun, R. J. (2012). Guides as Contributors to Sustainable Tourism? A Case Study from the Amazon. Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism, 12(1), 74–94. https://doi.org/10.1080/15022250.2012.663558
Pine, B. J., & Gilmore, J. H. (2011). The Experience Economy. Harvard Business Press.
Pomering, A., Noble, G., & Johnson, L. W. (2011). Conceptualising a contemporary marketing mix for sustainable tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 19(8), 953–969. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2011.584625
Prayag, G., & Ryan, C. (2011). The relationship between the ‘push’ and ‘pull’ factors of a tourist destination: The role of nationality – an analytical qualitative research approach. Current Issues in Tourism, 14(2), 121–143. https://doi.org/10.1080/13683501003623802
Prince, S., & Ioannides, D. (2017). Contextualizing the complexities of managing alternative tourism at the community-level: A case study of a nordic eco-village. Tourism Management, 60, 348–356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2016.12.015
Pugra, I. W., Oka, I. M. D., & Suparta, I. K. (2021). Kolaborasi Pentahelix Untuk Pengembangan Desa Timpag Menuju Desa Wisata Berbasis Green tourism. Bhakti Persada Jurnal Aplikasi IPTEKS, 7(2), 111–120. https://doi.org/10.31940/bp.v7i2.111-120
Pütter, M. (2017). The impact of social media on consumer buying intention. Marketing, 3(1), 7–13.
Reimer, J. K. (Kila), & Walter, P. (2013). How do you know it when you see it? Community-based ecotourism in the Cardamom Mountains of southwestern Cambodia. Tourism Management, 34, 122–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2012.04.002
Ren, L., Li, J., Li, C., & Dang, P. (2021). Can ecotourism contribute to ecosystem? Evidence from local residents’ ecological behaviors. Science of The Total Environment, 757, 143814. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143814
Rogers, P. J., & Goodrick, D. (2010). Qualitative data analysis. Handbook of Practical Program Evaluation, 429–453.
Roxas, F. M. Y., Rivera, J. P. R., & Gutierrez, E. L. M. (2020). Mapping stakeholders’ roles in governing sustainable tourism destinations. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 45, 387–398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2020.09.005
Sarker, M. A. H., Aimin, W., & Begum, S. (2012). Investigating the impact of marketing mix elements on tourists ‘satisfaction: An empirical study on east lake. European Journal of Business and Management, 4(7), 273–282.
Schrage, M. (2014). The Innovator’s Hypothesis: How Cheap Experiments Are Worth More Than Good Ideas. MIT Press.
Tuomisto, H. l., Hodge, I. d., Riordan, P., & Macdonald, D. w. (2012). Comparing global warming potential, energy use and land use of organic, conventional and integrated winter wheat production. Annals of Applied Biology, 161(2), 116–126. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.2012.00555.x
Vaughan, D., & Agardy, T. (2020). Chapter 2—Marine protected areas and marine spatial planning – allocation of resource use and environmental protection. In J. Humphreys & R. W. E. Clark (Eds.), Marine Protected Areas (pp. 13–35). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102698-4.00002-2
Warassih, E., & Fatimah, P. R. (2018). Empowering Local Wisdom in Regional Mining Policies: Study in Pati Regency, Central Java. Environmental Policy and Law, 48(5), 317–322.
Williams, H. A., Williams Jr, R. L., & Omar, M. (2014). Gastro-tourism as destination branding in emerging markets. International Journal of Leisure and Tourism Marketing, 4(1), 1–18.
Wittmayer, J. M., & Loorbach, D. (2016). Governing Transitions in Cities: Fostering Alternative Ideas, Practices, and Social Relations Through Transition Management. In D. Loorbach, J. M. Wittmayer, H. Shiroyama, J. Fujino, & S. Mizuguchi (Eds.), Governance of Urban Sustainability Transitions: European and Asian Experiences (pp. 13–32). Springer Japan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55426-4_2
Yachin, J. M., & Ioannides, D. (2020). “Making do” in rural tourism: The resourcing behaviour of tourism micro-firms. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 28(7), 1003–1021. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1715993
Yadegaridehkordi, E., Nilashi, M., Nizam Bin Md Nasir, M. H., Momtazi, S., Samad, S., Supriyanto, E., & Ghabban, F. (2021). Customers segmentation in eco-friendly hotels using multi-criteria and machine learning techniques. Technology in Society, 65, 101528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2021.101528
Yiamjanya, S., & Wongleedee, K. (2014). International tourists’ travel motivation by push-pull factors and the decision making for selecting Thailand as destination choice. International Journal of Social, Education, Economics and Management Engineering, 8(5), 1326–1331.